Collections from Science Direct

2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Dr. John Gurdon and Dr. Shinya Yamanaka share the award in physiology or medicine for discovering that mature, specialized cells can be reprogrammed into immature cells capable of developing into all tissues of the body. Their key individual research findings into so-called stem cells were separated by 50 years.

2012 Nobel Prize in Physics

Serge Haroche and David Wineland share the physics award for devising ways to study the strange world of quantum physics, a realm in which reality often defies logic, as in the ability of one particle to be in two places at the same time, or for it to behave as a particle sometimes and as a wave at other times. It is a world so fragile that mere observation can destroy the quantum particles under study.

2012 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel

Alvin Roth and Lloyd Shapley share the economics prize for their work in matching theory and how it affects various markets, including job hunting, and efficient systems for matching students with colleges and organ donors with those in need.

2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

Robert Lefkowitz and Brian Kobilka were awarded the Nobel in chemistry for research that looked at how the body communicates with itself, specifically how chemical messengers floating in the bloodstream are able to trigger tissues and organs to respond.